Live Aid, the massive joint undertaking of Bill Graham and Bob Geldof, raised money for the victims of famine in Ethiopia. The 16-hour live concert featured the biggest stars of the era and inspired some highly creative gate-crashing maneuvers. The jury is still out on which performer made the biggest impression: U2 was outstanding, and Bono pulled his touring trick of yanking a girl out of the crowd for an on-stage dance; Phil Collins played a marathon of solos and instrumentals with other bands; Tina Turner rocked; disbanded groups including The Who, Duran Duran and Led Zeppelin reunited for the event. No-shows, such as Michael Jackson and Bruce Springsteen, had a lot to explain to their fans. Broadcast live on television, the benefit raised an estimated $100 million, and one observer heard Bill Graham later comment "... what Live Aid did was to make artists aware of their awesome power to create positive things."